Namgyel Wangchuk FOC

 Network communication The lower-case b is commonly used to denote bits, while the uppercase B is used to denote bytes. K stands for 1024 i.e. 2^10 (2 power 10) k stands for 1000 i.e. 10^3 (10) 1kb/s 1000 bits per second 1KB/s 1024bytes per second   Download KBPS speed = (kbps value*1000/8)/1024 Components of networks  hardware components NIC is a piece of hardware, often a circuit board or chip, that is inserted on a computer to enable it to connect to a network. network medium is a cable that plugs into the NIC and makes the connection between the computer and the rest of the network. interconnecting device allows multiple devices to connect and communicate within the network Software components Network client and servers network clint software request stored information on another network device e.g., chrome network server software allows a computer to share its resources. e.g., web server protocols define the rules and formats a computer. NIC driver receiv...

  ASCII (American Standard code for information interchange) is a 7bit character code with values from 0 to 127.   Representing sound : sound needs to be converted into binary for the computer to be able to process it. sounds are usually captured by a microphone and then be converted into digital signals. Representing colors:   image is broken into individual pixels. e.g., red = (255,0,0) Representing numbers: numbers in a computer system is represented by a string of bits called binary numbers. Number system : computer use binary numbers (base 2) to represent numbers also called transistor (on & off) Decimal ( base 10) system: numbers from 0 to 9. e.g., 823= 8x10^2+2x10^1x5x10^0 binary ( base 2) system: numbers are 0 & 1. e.g., 1011=1x2^3+1x2^1+1= 11. octa ( base 8) system: numbers   are 0 t0 7 e.g., 23=2x8^1+3=19 Hexadecimal ( base 16) system: numbers from 0 to 9 and A to F. e.g., A12=10x16^2+1x16^1+2=2578 Number representation Unsigned. If N number...

Basic function of a computer The primary purpose of a computer is to process and manipulate data using hardware components like the CPU, memory, storage devices and input/output devices. It executes tasks based on instruction provided by software programs. Processing Components The Central processing unit (CPU). It receives instruction form computer programs, executes and manages data. Storage component Stores data, programs and information. This include hard disk drive (HDD) solid state drive(SSD) Two main storage :  1. short term storage(RAM/volatile/working space) More the RAM faster the system. 2. long term storage(non volatile ) Hard drives are the primary long term storage which contain moving parts(platters) stores data in the form of magnetic pulses. SSD (solid state drive) are often used these days due to its speed and reliability plus it has no moving parts. Computer Bus System Bus : a collection of wires carrying signals (data/ address) within a computer ensuring...