Namgyel Wangchuk FOC

Network Models/ Protocol. A protocol is a collection of guidelines that controls how computers on a network communicate with one another. Includes rules governing the following attributes of a network: Access method Allowed Physical Topologies Types of Cabling Speed of Data Transfer Includes a number of layers, each of which completes a certain function. Also includes two popular models: OSI Reference Model TCP/IP Model The ideas of layering serve as the foundation for both models. Layering A process when a task is broken down into smaller tasks and each smaller task is solved separately. Major advantages conclude: Code Reuse Engineering Facilities Modular Extensibility Standardizes Interfaces Simplifies Teaching and Learning Introduction to OSI Layered communications, computer network protocol and transmission design are described by the Open System Interconnection Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model). Divides the transportation of data into the following seven layers: ...

  Repeater: A repeater is a network hardware device that amplifies and regenerates signals as they pass through the network. They do not amplify signal. It's a 2-port device. Hub: A hub is a hardware device that relays communication data to all devices on a network. It does not filter the data packets based on the mac address. Types of Hubs Active Hub: A hub is a hardware device that relays communication data to all devices on a network. These are used to extend the maximum distance between nodes. Passive Hub: These are used to extend the maximum distance between nodes. These hubs relay signals onto the network without cleaning and boosting them and can’t be used to extend the distance between nodes. Intelligent Hub: These hubs relay signals onto the network without cleaning and boosting them and can’t be used to extend the distance between nodes. It also enables an administrator to monitor the traffic passing through the hub and to configure each port in the hub. Switches Switches...